基于VB的测控装备模拟训练系统设计及实现

系统采用计算机仿真技术、系统仿真技术、网络技术、串口通信技术，介绍了该系统特点、组成和关键技术，并针对关键技术问题作了深入细致的探讨，给出了解决该问题的途径。     

The impacts of changing flight demands and throughput performance on airport delays through the Great Recession

Several significant events between 2007 and 2009 impacted flight demands and the abilities of the three major New York area airports to handle demand. This paper assesses the results of applying a probabilistic simulation method – which isolates the individual contributions of changes in flight demand and changes in airport throughput performance to changes in flight delays – to diagnose how these different events may have caused operational changes at these airports, and in turn, how the results may be used to inform policies for appropriate countermeasures. The analysis revealed two key observations. Firstly, certain patterns in throughput performance shifts caused the most significant delays, and were more likely to have been caused by controller staffing issues rather than caps. Secondly, relatively constant average delays from one year to the next may result from significant demand drops accompanied by large throughput performance degradations at an airport. This suggests that not only operational limitations on capacity encourage airlines to reduce schedules, but that changed demands can also impact throughput performance. Overall, the analysis indicates that caps may not have provided their fully intended delay benefits. Although they successfully reduced overall flight demands at LGA and JFK, they also directly limited throughput performance at critical times, in turn limiting delay benefits. In addition, demands at the busiest times of the day appear to be relatively inelastic to these operational limitations, insofar as demand profiles at EWR and JFK remained “peaky” in 2008 and 2009. Also, the recession was largely responsible for reducing demands at the airports in 2009, but the delay benefits of this were dampened by a corresponding throughput performance degradation. Based on the above observations, a more direct demand management policy combined with policies that focus on maintaining high staffing capabilities at critical times of the day may be considered, to reduce the likelihood of major queue formation on days that do experience sustained demands. The results also suggest that a more flexible caps system, particularly during times of heavy queues, could be explored. Although airport practitioners have keen understandings of how their airports operate, without the support of quantitative analysis tools, it can be more difficult to argue the need for appropriate countermeasures. An analysis such as the one presented here can provide the detailed quantitative substantiation required to build cases for these targeted policy directives and infrastructure investments.     

Influence of priority taking and abstaining at single-lane roundabouts using cellular automata

Existing roundabout simulation models fail to consider all types of driver behavior which compromises their accuracy and ability to accurately evaluate roundabout performance. Further, these non-compliant driver behaviors, including priority taking and priority abstaining, are inconsistent with existing traffic flow theories. In this paper, a new cellular automata model, C.A.Rsim, is developed and calibrated with field data from five single-lane roundabouts in four northeastern states. Model results indicate that approximately 20% of the individuals in the driver population are inclined to priority taking and approximately 20% are inclined to priority abstaining behavior, though the observed levels of these types of behavior are naturally lower and vary with traffic volume. The model results also corroborate other research indicating that current models can overestimate capacity at higher circulating volumes, possibly a result of the jamming effect produced by priority taking behavior. The reduction in priority abstaining behavior, which is observed at older roundabouts, significantly reduces delay and queue length in certain traffic volumes. C.A.Rsim is also more parsimonious than many existing microsimulation models. These results provide insight on how variations in conflicting flow (i.e., traffic volume and turning movement balance) impact the amount of observed non-compliant behavior.     

基于神经网络对电控柴油机运行特性影响因素仿真研究

基于AVL-BOOST软件仿真平台建立某船用四缸柴油机仿真模型,标定后的模型进行柴油机全工况仿真计算.仿真出来的3 200组数据作为人工神经网络输入数据,采用贝叶斯统计方法对网络进行训练建立2层的反馈神经网络仿真模型.并分别通过实验、AVL-BOOST和神经网络数据曲线的对比分析,验证人工神经网络预测的准确性.利用验证好的人工神经网络模型预测进排气压力对柴油机转矩的影响,以及预测压缩比和供油定时对柴油机排放性能和动力性能的影响,最后利用扰动法分析不同工况下柴油机各个参数对柴油机性能的影响程度.     

救助船模拟器原型机关键技术研究

针对大风浪条件下救助船操纵训练的要求，有必要开发针对救助船的操纵模拟器。相比于传统的通用船舶模拟器，救助船模拟器原型机系统中引入六自由度平台运动系统，基于UDP协议传输船舶姿态数据实现实时体感模拟功能，可以模拟船舶在大风浪条件下剧烈摇动的操船环境，提高模拟训练的真实感。此外，系统中引入救助作业模拟模块的思想，可以更好地评估、训练船员在恶劣海况下配合其他救助人员完成救助任务的能力，提高执行海上救助任务的成功率与效率。     

一种水下非均质拖曳线列阵动力学仿真方法及试验验证

基于Ablow和Schechter经典差分方法,分析水下非均质拖曳线列阵的受力特性,建立其空间运动控制方程.采用中心差分法和牛顿迭代法对运动控制方程进行离散及时间和空间上的迭代求解,获得水下非均质拖曳线列阵的动力学特性.在此基础上,结合非均质线列阵实尺度模型,设计并开展湖中的实航拖曳试验,分析比较了试验数据与仿真结果.研究表明,本文提出的数学仿真方法有效可靠,可为水下非均质拖曳线列阵动力学特性分析提供一种有效的技术手段.     

舰船开孔流动噪声控制措施研究

基于计算流体软件,采用大涡模拟方法计算了给定来流速度条件下表面开孔的非定常流场,分析了流场的非定常流频谱特性,采用边界元方法模拟了噪声源特征,对各种流动噪声控制措施进行了对比分析.计算结果表明,开孔形式的改变会直接影响流噪声的水平,设计结果可以为舰船流水孔的降噪设计提供参考.     

潜艇垂直发射导弹过程中的不确定因素对操纵控制的影响

潜艇在导弹垂直发射过程中所受的激变力十分复杂,包括导弹弹射出筒的发射反力、高压燃气溢出造成的负压区、导弹出筒与海水灌冲发射筒造成的失重与超重等.在实际发射过程中,这些激变力的大小及其时间特性都具有一定的随机性,因而成为在一定范围内变化的不确定因素.结合潜艇空间运动方程,建立潜艇垂直发射导弹过程的仿真模型,根据数值仿真计算结果,分析不确定因素对导弹发射及潜艇状态挽回控制过程的影响.     

深海平台砰击载荷的数值分析

文章以深海平台为例,研究在迎浪海况的作用下,波浪对平台的砰击效应.将平台简化为大尺度,深吃水,几何形状规则的刚体,采用计算流体力学中的有限体积方法,将计算区域划分为一系列不重复的控制体积,使每个网格节点周围有一个控制体积,求解离散方程,利用流体体积理论捕捉自由表面的波形.依据三阶斯托克斯波波浪理论,利用fluent软件建立相应的数值水槽,并进行造波及消波设置,得到稳定的波浪场.采用固定平台六自由度的方法,初步地对平台所受的波浪砰击载荷进行分析计算.     

利用SPS模拟川气东送管道压气站失效问题

为研究压气站失效与单台机组失效对输气管道的影响程度,采用SPS软件对压气站失效和单台机组失效进行了详细模拟。模拟结果显示:压气站失效与单台机组失效相比对管输系统影响较大;对于压气站失效,越靠近末站的压气站失效对管输系统影响越大;对于单台机组失效,越靠近首站的压缩机失效对管输系统影响越大。分析结果可为事故状态下的供气和抢修提供参考。